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Ludi Apollinares
The ''Ludi Apollinares'' were solemn games (''ludi'') held annually by the ancient Romans in honor of the god Apollo. The tradition goes that at the first celebration hereof, they were suddenly invaded by the enemy, and obliged to take to their arms. A cloud of darts and arrows fell upon their enemies, and the Romans soon returned victorious to their sports.
== First Ludi ==
The games were established after inspecting a collection of prophecies, the Carmina Marciana.〔“Ludi” Brill’s New Pauly: Encyclopaedia of the ancient world. 2005 ed.〕 One of several seers (vates) responsible for these predictions was Marcius.〔“Marcius” Brill’s New Pauly: Encyclopaedia of the ancient world. 2005 ed.〕 The games were organized in accordance with the Oracles of Marcius, which had predicted the disaster at Cannae (the defeat of the Romans by Hannibal) 〔Livy – Periochae, book 25, line 3. Obtained online at http://www.livius.org/li-ln/livy/periochae/periochae023.html#25〕
The prophecies dictated that the Romans should use Greek ritual to honor Diana and Latona, and that they should help contribute to the costs of the games, according to their means. The Sibylline Books were also consulted and confirmed this prophecy.〔〔Livy (25.12)〕 This occurred at the height of the Second Punic War, when Hannibal was invading northern Italy. As in other times, the games were used to allay the public’s fears and distract them from Hannibal’s invasion.〔Cook, 2002. The Calpurnii and Roman Family History: An Analysis of the Piso Frugi Coin in the Joel Handshu Collection at the College of Charleston. Chrestomathy: Annual Review of Undergraduate Research at the College of Charleston. Volume 1, 2002: pp. 1-10〕
The games were held in the Circus Maximus, with equestrian games as well as stage performances, including ''praetextae'', a category of Roman drama.〔Flower, 1995. Fabulae Praetextae in Context: When Were Plays on Contemporary Subjects Performed in Republican Rome? The Classical Quarterly, New Series, Vol. 45, No. 1. (1995), pp. 170-190.〕 Ennius (239-169 BC) had Thyestes performed as part of this festival in 169BC.,〔〔Coulter, 1940. Marcus Junius Brutus and the "Brutus" of Accius. The Classical Journal, Vol. 35, No. 8. (May, 1940), pp. 460-470.〕 The ludi Apollinares received less funding from the Roman government than other games/festivals such as the ludi Romani or ludi plebeii, because it was shorter and had only one day of races.〔Green, 1930. Appropriations for the Games at Rome in 51 A. D. The American Journal of Philology, Vol. 51, No. 3. (1930), pp. 249-250.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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